Differential of a Genital “Tropical” Ulcer

Donovanosis (Granuloma Inguinale)Calymmatobacterium granulomatis

  • Papua new Guinea (PNG); endemic aboriginal population northern Australia
  • intracellular
  • painless genital nodule or ulcer (occasional rectal tumour)
  • secondary infection of ulcer
  • phimosis, lymphoedema
  • auto-inoculation, systemic spread – granulomatous lesions
  • Dx: smear from scrapings
    • Giemsa stain: bipolar rods in mononuclear cells
  • Rx: tetracycline 1 month
    • erythromycin if pregnant
    • follow-up

Chancroid (Soft Chancre)Haemophilus ducreyi

  • South-East Asia → Australia
  • inflamed macules → ulcers
    • non-indurated, painful
    • undermined edges
    • purulent exudate
  • perineal: penis, labia, clitoris, peri-anal
  • inguinal lymphadenitis
  • Dx: smear of ulcer base
    • culture of scrapings (specialised medium)
  • Rx: erythromycin

Lymphogranuloma VenereumChlamydia trachomatis (serotypes L1, L2, L3)

  • Asia / Africa → Australia
  • inguinal lymphadenopathy (buboes) and rectal strictures
  • herpetiform vesicle / papule (ruptures) → small, painless punched-out ulcer which heals rapidly
  • penis, vaginal wall, cervix
  • secondary lesion: inguinal lymphadenopathy ± headaches, chills, sweats, weight loss, splenomegaly, polyarthritis
  • Dx:
    • Clinical: Primary lesion with lymphadenopathy
    • Giemsa stain:
    • Serology: 1/128 titres in CFTs or 1/512 in immunofluorescence
    • Culture: bubo pus / genital lesion scraping
  • Rx: tetracycline (+ aminoglycoside)

Donovanosis fact sheet – NSW Health

Chancroid – NSW Health

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) – NSW Health

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