Clinical Presentation of Right Ventricular Failure
Symptoms
- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath
- Anorexia / nausea (liver congestion)
Signs
- Peripheral cyanosis
- Reduced pulse strength (tachycardia)
- Raised JVP – Kussmaul’s; large “V” wave
- Right ventricular heave
- Right-ventricular third heart sound (S3)
- Tricuspid Incompetence (functional)
- Hepatomegaly (pulsatile)
- Ascites ± pleural effusion
- ankle oedema
Causes of Right Ventricular Failure (RVF)
- Left Ventricular Failure
- Pressure Load
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Pulmonary Stenosis
- Volume Load
- Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
- Tricuspid Incompetence
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Myocardial disease
- Right Ventricular Infarction
- Cardiomyopathy
- Others
- Recurrent Pulmonary Embolism
- Chronic lung disease (CAL)
- Mitral Stenosis